A big discipline of hundreds of thousands of private genome has found the rate of occurrence of an extra sexual urge chromosome . People assigned male at parturition ordinarily have XY sex chromosomes , but the new work play up how many have XYY or XXY instead : around one in 500 .
In the field , published inGenetics in Medicine , the anonymized genetic , life style , and health information of over 200,000 self - identified man age 40 to 70 were gather from the UK Biobank . investigator discovered 356 mankind with either an extra X chromosome – known as Klinefelter syndrome – or an surplus Y chromosome – Jacob ’s syndrome .
The analysis showed that one-time Man with superfluous sex chromosomes have a higher risk of diabetes , atherosclerosis , and rakehell clots . The data advise that men with either XXY or XYY were three times more probable to know pulmonary embolism , and four times as potential to suffer from chronic clogging pneumonic disease than human beings with XY chromosomes . Their risk of developing venous thrombosis ( blood clots ) was six times higher and they were three times more likely to build up type 2 diabetes .
“ Even though a significant number of men carry an superfluous sexual practice chromosome , very few of them are probable to be cognisant of this . This spare chromosome means that they have substantially high risk of a number of vulgar metabolic , vascular , and respiratory disease – diseases that may be preventable , ” first author Yajie Zhao , a graduate research worker at the Medical Research Council ( MRC ) Epidemiology Unit at the University of Cambridge , said in astatement .
The redundant chromosome does n’t loosely lead to any obvious or unique changes , which have in mind citizenry with these atmospheric condition are often not diagnose or misdiagnosed . In the databank , 213 adult male had the XXY configuration . Men with this shape can live delay pubescence and infertility , although most do not know they have it . Fewer than one in four ( 23 pct ) of the sampling was aware before the psychoanalysis .
There were 143 men with Jacob ’s syndrome ( XYY ) in the analysis . Men with an extra Y chromosome tend to be taller as boy and adults than XY valet de chambre . Only one of the 143 people in the study had antecedently bonk of having an supererogatory Y chromosome .
“ Our study is important because it starts from the genetics and tells us about the potential health impacts of throw an supernumerary sex chromosome in an older universe , without being bias by only examination homo with sure feature of speech as has often been done in the past , ” Professor Anna Murray , at the University of Exeter articulate .
The piece of work continues to highlight the complexness of human genetics , especially with regard to gender . sexual urge , just like sex , can not be consider a binary . A fascinating piecelast yr told the story of a woman successfully giving nascence despite most of her cells having XY chromosome .
